Fill in the blank with the appropriate form of the word given in brackets. Write ONE word for each space.
A global energy crisis began in the 1.
Explanation
Correct Answer: aftermath

A noun is needed. ‘Aftermath’ (from math) refers to the consequences or after-effects of a significant unpleasant event.

(MATH) of the COVID-19 pandemic in 2021, with much of the globe facing 2.
Explanation
Correct Answer: shortages

A plural noun is needed. ‘Shortages’ (from short) refer to states where something needed cannot be obtained in sufficient amounts.

(SHORT) and increased prices in oil, gas and electricity markets. The crisis was caused by a variety of economic factors, including the rapid post-pandemic economic rebound that 3.
Explanation
Correct Answer: outpaced

A past tense verb is needed. ‘Outpaced’ (from pace) means to go, rise, or improve faster than something else.

(PACE) energy supply, and escalated into a 4.
Explanation
Correct Answer: widespread

An adjective is needed to describe ‘crisis’. ‘Widespread’ (from spread) means found or distributed over a large area or number of people.

(SPREAD) global energy crisis. The price of natural gas reached 5.
Explanation
Correct Answer: unprecedented

An adjective is needed. ‘Unprecedented’ (from precede) means never done or known before.

(PRECEDE) highs.

Rising energy prices are pushing agricultural costs higher, contributing to increasing food prices 6.
Explanation
Correct Answer: worldwide

An adverb/adjective is needed. ‘Worldwide’ (from world) means extending or reaching throughout the world.

(WORLD). Direct energy use includes fuel consumption for farm 7.
Explanation
Correct Answer: machinery

A collective noun is required. ‘Machinery’ (from machine) refers to machines collectively or components of a machine.

(MACHINE). The use of pesticides and mineral 8.
Explanation
Correct Answer: fertilisers / fertilizers

A plural noun is needed. ‘Fertilisers’ (from fertile) are chemical or natural substances added to soil to increase its fertility.

(FERTILE) results in large quantities of indirect energy consumption. While the share varies considerably, direct and non-direct energy costs can account for 40% to 50% of total 9.
Explanation
Correct Answer: variable

An adjective is needed to modify ‘costs’. In business/economics, ‘variable costs’ (from vary) are costs that change in proportion to the good or service produced.

(VARY) costs of cropping. Higher energy prices therefore 10.
Explanation
Correct Answer: inescapably

An adverb is required to modify the verb ‘translate’. ‘Inescapably’ (from escape) means in a way that cannot be avoided or denied.

(ESCAPE) translate into higher production costs.

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