We need an adverb to modify the entire verb phrase have little in common. Apparently means according to what seems to be true, which matches with the contrast introduced in the next few sentences.

The structure the [noun] of requires a noun. Rarity is the abstract noun form of the adjective rare, meaning the state or quality of being uncommon.

We need an adverb of place to indicate that these animals can be found in other locations. Compounding the words else and where gives elsewhere (somewhere else).

We need an adjective to modify the noun town. The suffix -esque is added to the noun picture to form picturesque, which means visually charming or scenic.

We need an adjective to modify the noun interiors. Inhospitable uses the prefix in- and suffix -able to mean harsh or difficult to live in. Hostile means unfriendly or harsh. Both fit the context of extreme deserts and ice caps.

Following the infinitive marker to, we need a base verb. Inhabit means to live or dwell in a place.

We need an adjective to modify the noun phrase bush fires. Given that the context describes these fires as devastating, the negative prefix un- and the adjective suffix -able are used to form uncontrollable, meaning that the fires cannot be controlled.

Following the verb are, we need an adjective that collocated with the preposition of. Indicative of means serving as a sign or indication of something.

We need an adjective to modify the noun action. Decisive means showing determination or being firm.

We need an adjective to modify the noun damage. Because the context warns that the countries will be very badly hit, we use the negative prefix ir- and suffix -ible to form irreversible to describe damage that cannot be undone.