💡 Adapted from Close-up (B2) Student’s Book.
Provide the most suitable form of the given word in brackets to complete each space in the passage below. Write no more than ONE word for each space.
Cappadocia, in present-day Turkey, is a region of dramatic landscapes 1.
Explanation
Correct Answer: including

We need a preposition/participle to introduce specific examples (many strange-looking structures) of the dramatic landscapes mentioned right before it.

(INCLUDE) many strange-looking structures known as fairy chimneys, which were the creation of 2.
Explanation
Correct Answer: volcanic

We need an adjective to modify the noun eruptions. The adjective form of volcano is volcanic, describing the type of geological event that formed the region.

(VOLCANO) eruptions millions of years ago. The area was the perfect hiding place for early Christians, as it was made up of caves, labyrinths and underground tunnels.

In later times, 3.
Explanation
Correct Answer: dwellers

We need a plural noun referring to people to act as the subject of the action carved. A dweller is someone who lives in a specified place.

(DWELL) carved their homes out of the rock. The rock kept rooms cool in summer and warm in winter, so people continued to live there. At one time, the caves of Cappadocia housed thousands of 4.
Explanation
Correct Answer: residents

Following the quantifier phrase thousands of, we need a plural noun for people. Residents are people who live somewhere, usually long-term or permanently.

(RESIDE).

In recent years, however, new 5.
Explanation
Correct Answer: inhabitants

We need a plural noun for people to act as the subject before the plural verb have arrived. While habitat means a natural home for plants or animals, an inhabitant is a person (or animal) that occupies a place.

(HABITAT) have arrived and have started turning the caves into attractive second homes and hotels. While this is good news for the tourism industry, local authorities must make sure that the region does not become too 6.
Explanation
Correct Answer: commercial

Following the adverb too, we need an adjective. Commercial means concerned with or engaged in commerce (the buying and selling of goods and services).

(COMMERCE) and lose its unique character. The 7.
Explanation
Correct Answer: majority

The structure The NOUN of visitors requires the noun form majority, meaning the greater part or most of a group.

(MAJOR) of visitors are drawn to the area by its unique geological, 8.
Explanation
Correct Answer: historic

We need an adjective to fit into the parallel list modifying features (geological, historic and cultural). We choose historic (meaning famous, important, or significant in history) over historical (which means related to the past).

(HISTORY) and cultural features such as early Christian cave art and traditional Byzantine churches.

To preserve this fragile environment, local 9.
Explanation
Correct Answer: environmentalists

Following the adjective local, we need a plural noun referring to people who take action (urge for stricter building codes). An environmentalist is a person who works to protect the natural world.

(ENVIRONMENT) urge for stricter building codes. Managing the scale of these developments is 10.
Explanation
Correct Answer: vital

Following the linking verb is, we need an adjective to describe the action of managing developments. Vital means absolutely necessary or essential, whereas the given word vitality is a noun meaning energy or life.

(VITALITY) to keeping the region’s ancient heritage intact.

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